FIFTH TASK

  • Underlying assumptions (p. 87) "Advertising aimed at children should be banned in order to reduce this excessive peer pressure". Children are always exposed to receive all the content that exists on television.
  • Implicit assumptions used as reasons (p. 90)   Conclusion: "It would be better if we returned to traditional methods, using leaves and roots of plants rather than mass-produced pharmaceuticals".
  • Implicit assumption: "The same plants are often used by the pharmaceutical industry as the basis for the medicines we use even today".
  • False premises (p. 92) This example you can clearly see the point of view, he declares that in the countryside it is free of contamination but in reality, pollution affects anywhere on the planet
  • Implicit arguments (p. 94) Passage 6.27.
    Anna is eight years old now and it is time she was sent away to work. The farm at Nexby requires a pair of hands to help gather hay and feed the pigs and chickens. They will take her on and pay her room and board. She will only work from 6 a.m. until 6 p.m. every day. They are good people and will see that she does not fall into sin through idleness. Anna will be allowed home most years for Christmas day.
  • implicit argument 1: it is normal children have to work at a young age
  • implicit argument 2: it seems normal children have to work
  • Stereotypes (p. 97) "We'll decorate the room pink as they have two girls."
There is a stereotype about color that is considered to be made for women. just for believing that it is pink is cataloged for the exclusive use towards the woman and not for man

  • Assuming causal links (p. 106) "the man"s body was found in the kitchen. A bloody knife was found nearby. The lock on the door had been broken. Somebody must have broken in and killed the man"
  • it is assumed that someone forced to enter to the point that damage the door

  • Identifying the nature of the link (p. 108) "Marie Curie, Einstein, and Darwin had long hair. They were all great scientist. Therefore, to be a great scientist you need long hair."
  • It is assumed that to be a good scientist you must have long hair because if you do not have it you will not make it as big as Einstein, Marie Curie, etc
  •  The conclusion only exists if there is an assumption. For that reason, there is any relation between the conclusion with the reasons. 
False analogies (p. 113) As the basis of an argument, the premises are like the foundation of a building. If the premises are not well-founded, the argument is likely to collapse. 
Analogy: Premises are like the foundation of a building. 
                The argument is like a building.
The comparison is valid. It is necessary to have a good comparison. You need solid arguments to support the point of view.

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